Thinking Biblically

Helping renew your mind with God's Word

Tag: Paul (Page 1 of 2)

Gospel Work Requires Sacrificial Giving – Philippians 4:10-23

August 16, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. You can listen to it here.

So far in Philippians, we’ve seen that Paul is concerned about two main things:

  • External opposition (Phil 1:27-30; 3:1-2)
  • Internal division (Phil 2:1-4)

Paul has told the Philippians that because of the gospel, they can overcome these challenges. Despite these challenges, they can have unity, humility, and joy because of Christ and the gospel.

In my last post, we saw that we can have contentment in any circumstance through the power of Christ within us.

Today, we finish the book of Philippians by looking at the importance of giving sacrificially to gospel work.

I told my church that I had no axe to grind and was not after their money. This is one reason why I preach through books of the Bible. You can preach on difficult topics and church members don’t have to wonder who I’m preaching to.

Sermon Text: Phil 4:10, 14-23

BIG IDEA: We should give sacrificially to gospel work as we trust God to meet our needs.

When I use the term gospel work, I’m referring to any work that advances the gospel of Jesus Christ. The first thing I want us to see is that we should provide for the needs of gospel workers.

We should provide for the needs of gospel workers (14-16, 18a)

14-16 – Yet it was kind of you to share my trouble. And you Philippians yourselves know that in the beginning of the gospel, when I left Macedonia, no church entered into partnership with me in giving and receiving, except you only. Even in Thessalonica you sent me help for my needs once and again.

The Philippians had partnered with Paul to advance the gospel (Phil 1:5). Gospel workers should get their living from the gospel. Sometimes we think that pastors and missionaries should get “real jobs.” There were times when Paul made tents to support his work. However, the clear teaching of Scripture is that we are to provide for the needs of those who help meet our spiritual needs.

1 Cor 9:9-14

9 For it is written in the Law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain.” Is it for oxen that God is concerned? 10 Does he not certainly speak for our sake? It was written for our sake, because the plowman should plow in hope and the thresher thresh in hope of sharing in the crop. 11 If we have sown spiritual things among you, is it too much if we reap material things from you? 12 If others share this rightful claim on you, do not we even more? Nevertheless, we have not made use of this right, but we endure anything rather than put an obstacle in the way of the gospel of Christ. 13 Do you not know that those who are employed in the temple service get their food from the temple, and those who serve at the altar share in the sacrificial offerings? 14 In the same way, the Lord commanded that those who proclaim the gospel should get their living by the gospel.

This is why our church partners with Southern Baptist mission work. Just as Paul was advancing the gospel in his time, we have NAMB and IMB missionaries doing the same thing today.[1]I’m aware of the problems within the SBC and am definitely concerned about a lack of transparency and accountability. The focus of this post is more about giving to gospel work than debating … Continue reading

I am thankful that our church gives to missions and we should continue to do so. If the church ever gets to a point where we can’t give to missions, then we should just close our doors, because at that point we will have forgotten what it means to be a church.

But I know there are some of you that come to church and never give or perhaps you give a token gift to ease your conscience. This passage implies that if someone isn’t giving then they aren’t partners. They are customers or consumers. I implore you, don’t be a consumer. Instead, be a faithful giver to God’s kingdom work through our church and beyond.

Tony Merida writes, “When a person is receiving sound instruction, which leads to life and godliness, and when a person is receiving pastoral care, they have the privilege and the responsibility of giving to support the mission of the church.” [2]Tony Merida, Christ-Centered Exposition: Philippians, 193

Gospel workers rejoice when they are cared for (10, 14)

10 – I rejoiced in the Lord greatly that now at length you have revived your concern for me. You were indeed concerned for me, but you had no opportunity.

Paul doesn’t say why the Philippians had not given. Perhaps it was due to their poverty or because they simply didn’t know where Paul was. Paul says that though they lacked opportunity, they never lacked concern.

Missionaries need to know that they are not alone. Today, we can communicate instantly via technology. We should be faithful to pray for, communicate with, and support missionaries and other gospel workers.

14 – “Yet it was kind of you to share my trouble.”

We are called to bear one another’s burdens and the burdens of gospel workers are often great. Let us lift them up in prayer. Let us care for them well.

Sacrificial giving reaps eternal rewards (17)

17 – Not that I seek the gift, but I seek the fruit that increases to your credit.

I love this verse because Paul wants the Philippians to know that he’s not trying to get rich. Rather, he is happy because he is seeing the fruits of the Philippians’ faith. The same is true for me. I would love for everyone in my local church to give generously but I don’t want them to do that just so the church has a lot of money in the bank. Rather, I get more excited about a generous heart, because this is the fruit of a person who is growing in spiritual maturity. That is the main goal!

A generous heart is the fruit of a person who is growing in spiritual maturity.

Are you bearing fruit in this area? Are you giving sacrificially?

An additional benefit to generous giving is that those who give to gospel work are storing up heavenly treasures (“the fruit that increases to your credit”).

How awesome is that? Not only do we get to give to gospel work and see it bear fruit, but we are storing up heavenly treasures when we do! When we give sacrificially, we are laying up treasures in heaven.

Look at Jesus’ words in Matthew 6:19-21:

19 “Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal, 20 but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal. 21 For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

While it’s surely a good idea to have an IRA (individual retirement account), it’s even better to have an IEA (individual eternal account). If you have an IRA, you may have it set up for automatic contributions. You probably know around how much is in it.

What if I were to ask you about your individual eternal account? How much have you given? Do you prioritize kingdom giving? When was your last contribution?

In December, our church will be collecting money for the International Mission Board’s Lottie Moon Christmas Offering. Every dollar that we give goes straight to funding international missions. What does it say about our priorities if we buy hundreds or even thousands of dollars of Christmas presents and give little to nothing to international missions? It says that we treasure material goods over human souls.

Material things will pass away, but can you imagine the joy you will experience in heaven when you meet someone that came to Christ because you gave to missions?

Sacrificial giving is an act of worship (18b)

18 – “I am well supplied, having received from Epaphroditus the gifts you sent, a fragrant offering, a sacrifice acceptable and pleasing to God.”

When we give sacrificially, with the right motive, it is a fragrant offering and an acceptable sacrifice that is pleasing to the Lord (Rom 12:1).

We give sacrificially because Jesus sacrificially gave His life for us!

We give sacrificially because Jesus sacrificially gave His life for us!

Do you want to please the Lord? One way to do that is to give sacrificially.

As we give, God will continue to provide for us (19)

19 – And my God will supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus.

Many of the Philippians were not rich people like us. And yes, we are rich. We live in the most prosperous nation in the history of the world. If you make $25,000 per year, you are in the top 23% of income earners in the world. If you make 50,000 per year, you are in the top 10%. If you make $75,000 per year, you are in the top 6% of income earners in the world.[3]You can see those numbers at https://howrichami.givingwhatwecan.org/. They were current as of August 11, 2022.

Look at this passage where Paul describes the Philippians’ giving:

2 Corinthians 8:1-5

We want you to know, brothers, about the grace of God that has been given among the churches of Macedonia [the churches of Macedonia were in cities such as Philippi, Thessalonica, and Berea], 2 for in a severe test of affliction, their abundance of joy and their extreme poverty have overflowed in a wealth of generosity on their part. 3 For they gave according to their means, as I can testify, and beyond their means, of their own accord, 4 begging us earnestly for the favor of taking part in the relief of the saints— 5 and this, not as we expected, but they gave themselves first to the Lord and then by the will of God to us.

When we give, Paul says, “God will supply every need of yours, according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus”.

You’ll never give sacrificially if you don’t trust that God will provide for your needs.

The aim of sacrificial giving and gospel work is God’s glory (20)

20 – To our God and Father be glory forever and ever. Amen.

Through Paul’s ministry, God had done a work in the heart of the Philippian church (Phil 1:6; 2 Cor 8:5). When you become a Christian, the Bible says you are a new creation. Only then will you live for God’s glory and have a desire to make a difference through sacrificial giving.

We share a common bond with other Christians (21-23)

21-23 – Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me greet you. All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household. The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit.

In verse 22, Paul mentions the saints “from Caesar’s household.” This probably refers to those who served in various ways in Caesar’s home. This reference reminds us of the power of the gospel. Even those in the most powerful household in the world were coming to faith through the powerful gospel (Rom 1:16). This must have been encouraging for the Philippians as they were encountering opposition from local authorities and the Judaizers.

Friends, God is at work in our church, our community, our state, our nation, and our world. Let’s thank Him for the good gospel work that is being done in our community and around the world.

References

References
↑1 I’m aware of the problems within the SBC and am definitely concerned about a lack of transparency and accountability. The focus of this post is more about giving to gospel work than debating the validity of the SBC. Maybe that will be the subject of a future post.
↑2 Tony Merida, Christ-Centered Exposition: Philippians, 193
↑3 You can see those numbers at https://howrichami.givingwhatwecan.org/. They were current as of August 11, 2022.

Content in Christ – Philippians 4:10-13

August 10, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. Unfortunately, the sermon did not get recorded.

“I can’t get no…satisfaction.” The famous song by The Rolling Stones reflects the mindset of most people. No matter how hard they try, there is no such thing as lasting satisfaction.

Instead of “I can’t get no satisfaction,” we might say, “I cannot find contentment.”

If someone says that they are content, it really means that they are satisfied. If we’re honest, contentment is hard to come by.

Consider this:

  • Most kids want to get older. Most older people wish they were young again.
  • Many single people wish they were married. Many married people wish they were single.
  • Many without children desire to have them. Some with children wish they didn’t.
  • Most poor people stressed because they don’t have much. Many rich people are stressed because they have too much stuff.

If we’re not careful, even as Christians, the difficulties of life can keep us from contentment. When we are not content, the word for that is discontentment.

Jerry Bridges says, “Discontentment arises from ongoing and unchanging circumstances that we can do nothing about.”[1]Jerry Bridges, Respectable Sins, 71

There are sources of legitimate discontentment. For example, we should be discontent with our spiritual growth.

Discontentment is something that affects my relationship with God. Lacking contentment results in resentment or bitterness toward God or other people. [2]Bridges, Respectable Sins, 73

In our text this morning in Philippians 4, Paul shows us how to put off discontentment and instead how to be content in all circumstances.

Sermon Text: Philippians 4:10-13

BIG IDEA: True contentment is only found when Jesus is your highest treasure.[3]See Philippians 1:20-23,29; 3:3,7-14, 4:4,11-13.

Background/Setting

As we read Paul’s words, we need to remember his circumstances are anything but good. He is (likely) imprisoned in Rome, chained to the elite Roman soldiers. He is awaiting trial before Caesar, and he could be put to death. He is under house arrest and unable to go anywhere.

He has been in this situation for two years. To make matters worse, there were preachers in Rome who were envious of Paul and smearing his name (Phil 1:15). Paul’s reputation was taking a beating as he awaited potential execution for simply preaching Christ.

Paul was experiencing hard times.

Are you having a hard time right now?

  • Do you have an unhappy marriage?
  • Are you struggling with infertility?
  • Are you having financial trouble?
  • Do you have some broken relationships, perhaps with children?
  • Have you received a bad diagnosis?
  • Do you wish you had a better job?
  • Are you single and wish you were married?
  • Do you have a physical disability or chronic health problems?

As I said, Paul was in a tough spot. However, as we read Paul’s words, we don’t hear grumbling from a man who was falsely accused and imprisoned. He was not defeated but instead was a joyful man who was writing to encourage others. While in prison, Paul wrote to the Philippians to express his gratitude for their generosity (Phil 4:14-20).

Amazingly, Paul was not being crushed by his circumstances. Rather, he was a man who was truly content. Friends, Paul had suffered greatly for the cause of Christ, but he wasn’t shaken. And in these verses, we will see Paul’s secret to being satisfied; to having true contentment.

I’m going to point out three main things from this text. Then I’ll give some practical applications for finding contentment.

(1) To be content, you must trust in God’s sovereignty (10)

10 – I rejoiced in the Lord greatly that now at length you have revived your concern for me. You were indeed concerned for me, but you had no opportunity.

When Paul states, “I rejoiced in the Lord greatly,” he is saying that the Lord is His source of joy. He knows that God is causing all things to work together for good— even this imprisonment (Romans 8: 28). Paul knew that though life’s circumstances are always changing, the eternal purposes of God never change. [4]Steven J Lawson. Philippians For You (Kindle Locations 2851-2856). The Good Book Company.

Paul was glad that the Philippian church had revived their concern for him. If you remember, about ten years had passed since Paul had planted the Philippian church in Acts 16. After planting the church, the Philippians church initially supported Paul’s missionary endeavors. However, verse 10 makes it clear that it had been a while since they had given. Paul notes that it wasn’t because of a lack of concern, but a lack of opportunity.

Paul could’ve been angry that the Philippians hadn’t given to his ministry in a while. Instead, Paul was confident in God’s timing. He was not in a state of panic, and he was not trying to manipulate anyone. Rather, Paul rested in God’s perfect timing. Paul knew that God would provide for his needs as they came.[5]MacArthur Jr., John. Anxious for Nothing: God’s Cure for the Cares of Your Soul (John Macarthur Study) (p. 134). David C. Cook. Kindle Edition.

What about you? Are you confident that God will provide for you as you have a need?

Until we learn that God is in control (or sovereign) and that He cares for those who love Him, we will never be content. The fact is that you can’t control everything. When you start trying to get your life in perfect order, you’ll soon realize that you can’t do it. The sooner you figure that out, the better. I’m not advocating fatalism or an attitude that says, “It doesn’t matter what I do.” We should, like Paul, work hard and trust God for the results (1 Cor 3:6-7).

If we’re to be content, we must be confident in God’s providence (10).

(2) To be content, you must shift your focus away from your circumstances (11-12)

11-12 – Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content. I know how to be brought low, and I know how to abound. In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret of facing plenty and hunger, abundance and need.

Typically, we think of contentment like this: if things (marriage, kids, job, house, health, etc.) are going well, we can be content. We’re happy.

We see in verse 12 that Paul had had some good times. Look at the phrases he uses in v. 12 (“how to abound”, “facing plenty”, “abundance”).

Paul had been on the mountaintop. He had seen many people come to faith in Christ and had planted many churches. However, he had also experienced many trials while advancing the gospel. He had seen people abandon the faith and suffered greatly for Christ.

Look at 2 Corinthians 11:24-28.

2 Cor 11:24-28

24 Five times I received at the hands of the Jews the forty lashes less one. 25 Three times I was beaten with rods. Once I was stoned. Three times I was shipwrecked; a night and a day I was adrift at sea; 26 on frequent journeys, in danger from rivers, danger from robbers, danger from my own people, danger from Gentiles, danger in the city, danger in the wilderness, danger at sea, danger from false brothers; 27 in toil and hardship, through many a sleepless night, in hunger and thirst, often without food, in cold and exposure. 28 And, apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxiety for all the churches.

I would say that most of you reading this are better off materially than Paul was when He wrote Philippians. He had limited resources, physical pain, restricted movement, and limited food.

It’s no secret that difficult circumstances make it hard to be content. When something bad happens, we tend to throw up our hands and wonder what God is doing. However, it is possible for us to be content in any situation in life. Look at what Paul says again:

Through it all, Paul says…“I have learned” (2x)

  • 11 – “I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content.”
  • 12 – “In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret of facing plenty and hunger, abundance and need.”

What was it that Paul had learned? What was his secret? Paul’s secret was this:

Don’t focus on your situation. Focus on your Savior!

Paul knew that true contentment is not by fixing your circumstances. Rather, true contentment is found in knowing Jesus.

(3) To be content, you must have a deep relationship with Jesus (13)

13 – I can do all things through him who strengthens me.

Paul had learned that no matter how hard life gets, that every Christian has a source of spiritual strength – the power of Christ that sustains us.

We need to be careful here. All things is not whatever we want to insert. Context still matters. This verse is not about winning a sporting event or performing miracles. We are abusing the author’s intent when we say we can win this game or make a lot of money or overcome this illness or whatever it is we try to make this verse means.

All things refers to what Paul has mentioned in vv. 11-12. All things is about being content despite difficult circumstances, especially material poverty. Paul was saying that when he had come to the end of himself, there was the power of Christ to sustain Him.

Do you know how a pacemaker works? The pacemaker is put into someone whose heart isn’t working like it should. If the heart skips a beat, the pacemaker kicks in.

When you’re at the end of yourself, like a pacemaker, the power of Christ can sustain you. When you are weak, then you are strong.

The unbearable weight of our circumstances forces us to find strength and contentment in Christ alone. The hard truth is that the only way to learn to be content in suffering is to go through suffering.

The hard truth is that the only way to learn to be content in suffering is to go through suffering.

When life seems unbearable, there are two options:

(1) You can grumble and complain and sink into a pit of despair and depression or (2) You can run to God.[6]Stephen Altrogge, The Greener Grace Conspiracy, p. 82.

When you’ve stood on the brink of death. When you can’t fix your marriage or your kids or can’t get a better job or fight off the disease in your body, then you can learn contentment. You’ll learn contentment when you turn to God for strength to get through the situation. When you are weak, then you are strong.

Before I finish, I want to give you a few practical steps for finding contentment.

Practical Steps

(1) Acknowledge the differences between needs and wants.

Our needs are simple: food, clothing, shelter, and God’s forgiveness.

John MacArthur says that typically the most unhappy people you’ll ever meet are very wealthy people. The reason for this is because they assume that their wants are actually needs.[7]MacArthur, Anxious for Nothing: God’s Cure for the Cares of Your Soul, p. 136.

(2) Be thankful for the grace of God.

Paul had learned that he deserved nothing from God. Once we realize this, we will no longer be so focused on the things we don’t have. Rather, we’ll be thankful for the gospel of grace.

If you’re here today and you don’t know Christ, then your greatest need is salvation.

We can find joy and contentment in the midst of sorrow and grief by taking joy in the God of our salvation, the God who loves us and purchased us with the blood of Jesus. The cross reminds us that God is on our side (Rom 8:31-32).[8]Altrogge, The Greener Grace Conspiracy, p. 89.

(3) Live for the mission of God.

The more you focus on the mission of God, the less desire you will have for material things.

As you follow Jesus, you learn what really matters in life. If your focus in life is fulfilling Jesus’ Great Commission (Matt 28:18-20), then you won’t need much to be content. But, if your focus in life is your own pleasure and happiness, then there is no end to what you will want and you will never be content.

(4) Focus on eternal things.

In America, we are thankful on Thanksgiving, but that night or the next day we run to the stores to buy more, more, more!

Every commercial’s message is that you need this product or service to be happy (If you buy this product, your life will be better). But Scripture says that if you have Christ, you have everything (Phil 3:7-11).

Are you discontent because you don’t have something you want? What do you think you need? Is it a new phone? A new vehicle? A new TV? A bigger house?

Listen to Jesus in Luke 12:15: “one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”

“Take care, and be on your guard against all covetousness, for one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”

Jesus, Luke 12:15

If you always think you need more ask God to remove that desire and to teach you contentment.

Colossians 3:2 says, “Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth.”

Every circumstance you face is temporary. One day, Jesus will wipe away every tear.

(5) Meditate on the Word of God

Find strength in God’s promises. Here are three:

  • God doesn’t waste our suffering (Rom 8:28-29).
  • God supplies everything we need (Phil 4:19).
  • God will never leave us nor forsake us (Heb 13:5-6).

We live in a fallen world. We all go through difficult circumstances. You’re either going through one or about to head into one.

Through it all, we can have joy and contentment if Jesus is our highest treasure.

BIG IDEA: True contentment is only found when Jesus is your highest treasure.

In Christ, you have all you can ever need, and through Him, you can find the strength you need.

References

References
↑1 Jerry Bridges, Respectable Sins, 71
↑2 Bridges, Respectable Sins, 73
↑3 See Philippians 1:20-23,29; 3:3,7-14, 4:4,11-13.
↑4 Steven J Lawson. Philippians For You (Kindle Locations 2851-2856). The Good Book Company.
↑5 MacArthur Jr., John. Anxious for Nothing: God’s Cure for the Cares of Your Soul (John Macarthur Study) (p. 134). David C. Cook. Kindle Edition.
↑6 Stephen Altrogge, The Greener Grace Conspiracy, p. 82.
↑7 MacArthur, Anxious for Nothing: God’s Cure for the Cares of Your Soul, p. 136.
↑8 Altrogge, The Greener Grace Conspiracy, p. 89.

Unity, Joy, and Peace in Christ – Philippians 4:1-9

August 8, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. You can listen to the sermon here (though not all of it got recorded).

So far in Philippians, there have been two main concerns:

  • External opposition (Phil 1:27-30; 3:1-2)
  • Internal division (Phil 2:1-4)

In the first three chapters (81 verses) there are 15 imperatives. In today’s text (Phil 4:1-9), there are nine imperatives in nine verses. In the last section of Philippians (Phil 4:10-23) there are no imperatives. Thus, the meat of the actionable commands Paul gives in Philippians are found in today’s text.

Sermon Text: Philippians 4:1-9

We are to stand firm in the Lord (1)

1 – Therefore, my brothers, whom I love and long for, my joy and crown, stand firm thus in the Lord, my beloved.

Verse one is a transitional verse. It says to “Stand firm” (also see Phil 1:27). Roman soldiers were commanded to “stand firm” and never retreat even when their life was in danger.

Likewise, Paul says to the Philippian church: stand firm! Whatever happens in this life, we are to stand firm in the Lord and pursue Him with all we have as we look for His return! I’m reminded of Jesus’ words in Matthew 10.

Matthew 10:28

And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell.

We are to seek unity in Christ (2-3)

2-3 – entreat Euodia and I entreat Syntyche to agree in the Lord. Yes, I ask you also, true companion, help these women, who have labored side by side with me in the gospel together with Clement and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the book of life.

Paul wants the Philippian church to be unified. In Phil 1:27, he writes that the church is to “stand firm in one spirit, with one mind striving side by side for the faith of the gospel.”

Unity isn’t just essential for keeping the peace. It’s essential for the sake of the mission. We will never be a faithful Great Commission church to the extent that we are fighting amongst ourselves. The same thing holds true in the SBC, the convention of churches to which we belong. To be clear, I’m not advocating in any way the compromise of truth.

Keep in mind that Philippians was a letter delivered to the church (probably by Epaphroditus) that would be read in church. Paul names two ladies by name – Euodia and Syntyche.

As I read verses two and three, I’m reminded that our source of unity is Christ. In verses 2, Paul says, “agree in the Lord.” The glue that holds the church is our love for Christ. First John 4:19 says, “We love because he first loved us.”

We also see that even those who love Christ will have disagreements. Notice what he says about these ladies: They have “labored side by side with me in the gospel.” Their names “are in the book of life.”

Churches die everyday because they forget that the mission of the church is not to draw a crowd, or to make themselves happy but to make disciples (Matt 28:18-20).

Paul is reminding the church who these two ladies are and reminding these women that the spread of the gospel is more important than their disagreement.

The same is true for us. The spread of the gospel and the making of disciples is more important than you getting your way or me getting my way.

The question we as a church need to answer when making decisions in the church is, “Will this help us make mature disciples of Jesus?”

The question every church needs to answer when making decisions is this: “Will this help us make mature disciples of Jesus?”

Third, we are to help one another resolve conflicts. Paul writes, “help these women [to agree in the Lord].” True companion or true partner refers to someone in the church. This could be a pastor or someone else. We simply don’t know.

We need to be people that tell our church members to “agree in the Lord.” Jesus said, “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God” (Matt 5:9).

Will you seek unity with one another in the church?

Will you ask for help when you have a conflict in the church?

Are you willing to provide help to people in conflict?

We are to find our joy in Christ (4)

4 – “Rejoice in the Lord always; again I will say, rejoice.”

Paul tells the Philippians where to find their joy – “in the Lord”. He even repeats the command just in case they missed it (“again I will say, rejoice”). Paul writing from prison, wants these believers to know that their inner attitude does not have to reflect their outward circumstances.

Your inner attitude does not have to reflect your outward circumstances.

If Paul would’ve dwelled on his circumstances, he would have been bitter towards God and useless for the advance of the gospel. Instead, Paul was in prison writing a letter to the Philippian church.

Where do you find joy in your life? If I looked at your bank statement and your planner I could take a few guesses. Here are some possiblities:

  • Health
  • Money and possessions
  • Freedoms
  • Marriage
  • Children
  • Being liked by others
  • Sports

There is nothing wrong with any of these things per se, but if you are finding your joy in these things then your joy can be taken away.

  • Health – a car wreck, an accident on the job, a bad diagnosis
  • Money and possessions – fire, tornado, flood, stock market crashes
  • Freedoms – can be taken away
  • Marriage or children – your spouse isn’t perfect and your children are not worthy of your worship
  • Being liked by others– people are fickle and will disappoint you
  • Sports – your favorite team will lose and there will be dry spells

Most people think you will have joy when you get what you want, but real joy comes when you realize what you deserve. This is the truth of the gospel.

As sinners, as people who fall short of God’s glory, we deserve God’s wrath to be poured out on us. Instead, we are offered salvation through faith in Christ and his work on the cross. When you realize that you deserve judgement, but you’ve received salvation, this leads to great joy. True joy is not found in getting what you want, but being grateful for what you have in Christ.

True joy is not found in getting what you want, but being grateful for what you have in Christ.

Remember, Paul is writing from prison. In next week’s sermon, Paul tells the Philippians that he has learned how to be content in any situation. Would you like to have contentment in any situation?

If you want to have true contentment, then you have to get your joy from Christ! This is what Christ meant when He said that He came that we might have abundant life (John 10:10)! Abundant life comes from knowing Christ and treasuring Him above anything else.

Christian, rejoice in the Lord!

We are to be gracious people (5a)

“Let your reasonableness be known to everyone.”

The ESV says reasonableness, other translations: graciousness, considerate, gentle spirit, gentleness.

We need this kind of spirit to get along with others and to be reconciled when there is division. We need to respect one another, even when we have disagreement. It’s also important for our witness to a watching world. John 1:14 says that Jesus dwelt among us, and He was full of grace and truth.

If someone observed your life, would they describe you as gentle, gracious, and reasonable? What if we looked at your social media feed?

We are to be gracious and gentle people.

We are put off anxiety as we pray to God (5b-7)

Paul wants the church to know “The Lord is at hand” (5b)

This phrase could mean that the return of Jesus is near or it could mean that His presence is near.

Both statements were and are theologically true. I’m going to focus more on the latter meaning. For Christians, God is always near. We see this in verses like 1 Peter 3:12.

1 Pet 3:12a

For the eyes of the Lord are on the righteous, and his ears are open to their prayer.

Have you ever been in a scary situation? In a museum one time, I stepped onto an elevator with my kids. They weren’t scared at first, but then the lights went out. At first they got really scared, but then they weren’t afraid. Why? Because I (their dad) was with them and they could hold my hand.

The same is true with God. Whatever we’re going through, we can reach out to our Father. This is a church that is suffering (Phil 1:29). We know that there is disunity, and that they are experiencing opposition from the Roman government and the Judaizers. They are concerned about Paul and Epaphroditus. In some sense, the church is in a “dark” place.

When you experience darkness in your life, how do you respond?

  • Do you have a panic attack?
  • Do you hit the bottle?
  • Do you call a friend?
  • Do you take some anxiety pills?

Paul is telling us, “The Lord is hand.” He goes further:

“Do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. (6)

It’s no surprise that these verses are so close to v. 4. In v. 4 we are told to rejoice in the Lord. Here, Paul tells us to not be anxious. Anxiety (or worry) is the greatest thief of joy.

Prov 12:25 – Anxiety in a man’s heart weighs him down.

How is it possible to not be anxious about anything? Really, Paul?

Remember, Paul is in prison and is unsure whether or not he will be put to death for treason for declaring that Jesus, and not Caesar, is Lord.

Paul says not to be anxious about anything, but in everything we are to go to God in prayer with a heart of thanksgiving.

When we are anxious, we are acting like unbelievers.

  • We are doubting God’s goodness. We wonder, how could God be good if this is happening to me?
  • We are doubting God’s sovereignty. We wonder, how could God possibly use this for good?
  • We are doubting God’s power. We wonder, can God really deliver me from this trial?

But when we go to God in prayer, we are proclaiming to ourselves:

  • That God is a good and perfect Father and is worthy of our trust.
  • We are totally dependent on God and only He has the power to deliver us.

We sometimes pray that we could be closer to God but often we don’t like the methods He uses to answer our prayer.

Remember, if Jesus is your ultimate treasure and your source of joy, no matter what happens, He can never be taken away!

Philippians 1:21 – For me to live is Christ, and to die is gain!

Am I or Paul saying that we never experience great pain in this life? Absolutely not. What Paul is saying, is that through the pain, don’t be anxious but go to God in prayer.

Proverbs 3:5a – “Trust in the Lord with all your heart.

When we do this, look at the result:

“And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.” (7)

Paul was chained to a Roman guard. There was no escaping. Paul is telling the Philippians: just as certain as I am being guarded by Roman guards, God will guard your heart and your mind in Christ Jesus.

True peace is not found in positive thinking or good vibes, but in knowing that God is in control.

True peace is not found in positive thinking or good vibes, but in knowing that God is in control.

What are you anxious about this morning?

  • The state of our country
  • Inflation, gas prices, and the stock market
  • How you’re raising your kids
  • Your marriage isn’t where you want it to be
  • Job security
  • Your health
  • Your finances
  • Getting older and closer to death

Do you find yourself anxious? Take time to prayerfully memorize and meditate on Philippians 4:4–7.

Defeat all of your anxiety by trusting in God’s goodness and in His sovereignty. The same God that Paul wrote about is the same God we serve today. He is just as worthy of our trust today as He was when Paul wrote these words.

I’ve never met someone who is faithful in prayer who is also anxious. Isaiah 26:3 says that God keeps him in perfect peace whose mind is stayed on Him.

We could summarize verses 5-7 like this:

If you’re every anxious about anything, go to God in prayer and then you will have the peace that surpasses all understanding.

We are to think about excellent, praiseworthy things (8)

“if there is any excellence, if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these things.”

Paul defines what things are excellent and praiseworthy: things that are true, honorable, just, pure, lovely, commendable.

Don’t fill your mind with anxious thoughts, but instead fill it with things that are excellent and praiseworthy.

Our thoughts should be focused on God, His Word, and the hope that we have in the gospel.

We are to be obedient to Christ (9)

9 – “What you have learned and received and heard and seen in me—practice these things”

Paul says the things you have learned and received and heard and seen in me – do them! The truths of Scripture only take root when we practice (obey) them.

As a pastor, I can teach my flock the Bible, but they have to choose to obey it. The end result of preaching and teaching is not Bible knowledge, but obedience to Christ!

Are you a follower of Christ that can say this: “What you have learned and received and heard and seen in me—practice these things?”

We can’t live the Christian life alone. Thankfully, God is with us (9b, 2:13).

In conclusion, there is a lot in this passage. Let’s obey it together for God’s glory!

We are to stand firm in the Lord (1)

We are to seek unity in Christ (2-3)

We are to find our joy in Christ (4)

We are to be gracious people (5a)

We are to put off anxiety as we pray to God (5b-7)

We are to think about excellent, praiseworthy things (8)

We are to be obedient to Christ (9)

Pursing Christ Until He Comes – Philippians 3:12-4:1

August 8, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. You can listen to the sermon here.

I hope you have realized by now that life is not easy. The Christian life is not easy. Contrary to prosperity theology, life is not always a bed of roses. Jesus said, “In this world, you will have trouble” (John 16:33).

As Christians, we look forward to the coming of Christ. I’ve mentioned that salvation is a process. We are justified by faith. One day we will get our new bodies and be glorified. But what does the Christian life look like between justification and glorification?

The answer is sanctification – the process of growing more like Jesus. The reality is that none of us have “arrived spiritually.” We see this in our text today in Philippians 3.

Paul uses the metaphor of a race to emphasize the need for us to continue to press on toward knowing and experiencing Christ more fully.

Sermon Text: Phil 3:12-4:1

There are three main things in this text I want us to see as we think about pursuing Christ until He comes.

(1) As disciples, we are to passionately pursue Christ (12-16)

In verses 12-14, Paul compares the Christian life to a race. The Christian life is not a sprint, but a marathon. Look at Paul’s words:

  • 12 – “press on”
  • 13 – “forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead”
  • 14 – “press on toward the goal for the prize”

12 – Not that I have already obtained this or am already perfect, but I press on to make it my own, because Christ Jesus has made me his own.

Paul says that he has not obtained a perfect knowledge of Christ. In other words, he doesn’t know Christ as fully as he should.

This verse shatters any idea of perfectionism theology. If the apostle Paul, whom Jesus called out audibly on the Damascus Road (Acts 9) couldn’t become perfect in this life, then none of us can.

We all need to realize that none of us are perfect. We all still need to grow in our relationship with Christ. When you realize that you’re not perfect, it affects how you live:

  • You will grow less self-righteous.
  • Your view of others will change. You will be less critical because you know you still need to grow as well.
  • You will be quicker to see God at work in others.
  • Your love for the Savior will grow because you know how much you need his grace.

In the Christian life, the more you grow in maturity, the more you realize how much further you have to go to become like Christ.

We see this in Paul’s life[1]I saw this in a Twitter Post by Matt Smethurst.:

“I am the least . . .”

  • AD 55: “of all the apostles” (1 Cor. 15:9)
  • AD 60: “of all the saints” (Eph. 3:8)
  • AD 62: “of all sinners” (1 Tim. 1:15)

Christian maturity is growing more aware of your unworthiness and your need for God’s grace. That’s why if you are truly saved, hymns are more precious to you now than they were years or decades ago.

Notice what Paul says at the end of v. 12: “I press on to make it my own, because Christ Jesus has made me his own.” In that statement, there is a balance of faith and works, of God’s call and the believer’s response.

Paul is not trying to earn his salvation. Instead, he is acknowledging that because he belongs to Christ, he is pressing on toward the end result of salvation – experiencing the power of Jesus’ resurrection and knowing him more fully.

The goal of the Christian life is not to get to heaven or escape hell. The goal of the Christian life is to know Christ (John 17:3; Phil 3:7).

Salvation is not simply fire insurance. Many churches in the southern United States have reduced salvation to walking an aisle, making a profession of faith, and being baptized.

Salvation is not simply fire insurance.

The reality is that once we are truly saved, we will begin to experience the same resurrection power that raised Jesus from the dead. When we come to know Christ, we become new creations (2 Cor 5:17). We are raised to walk in newness of life (Rom 6:4).

Salvation is not praying a prayer and going back to living how you always have. True salvation leads to spiritual growth – growing in grace and knowledge of Christ.

Paul says in v. 12 that he presses on. How does he do that? Two ways we see in v. 13:

  • “forgetting what lies behind”
  • “straining towards what lies ahead”

13 – Brothers, I do not consider that I have made it my own. But one thing I do: forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead,

When you’re running a race, you cannot keep looking behind you. If you do, you will go slower, you will get distracted, or at worst, you might fall.

We are to forget what is behind us. In the Bible, forget doesn’t mean to not remember, but instead it means that we are “no longer influenced by or affected by.” In order to break the power of your past, you must live for the future.

Forget your failures and run forward.

Maybe you’ve had broken relationships or been addicted to drugs. Maybe your kids are not walking with the Lord. Maybe you’ve had wasted years or missed some opportunities for evangelism. Peter denied Jesus three times. Paul persecuted and murdered Christians before he came one.

Forget past achievements

Don’t use past victories as an opportunity to get complacent. Since I’ve been here, I’ve heard a lot about how our church used to be bigger. While that is true, we can’t continue to think about the glory days. Instead, we must, like Paul, press on! If we are stuck looking to  the past, we will never move forward in the present.

Many Christians are satisfied with the spiritual race they are running because they compare their running with other people, many of whom are not making much progress.

In verse 13, Paul says, “One thing I do.” Paul is a man focused on one thing – knowing Christ. If I asked someone close to you, what would they say is your “one thing?”

  • Work
  • Family
  • House and stuff
  • Sports
  • Academics
  • Social media
  • Video games

Our “one thing” must be forgetting what lies behind and straining forward in Christ. If we want others to know Jesus, then knowing Jesus has to be our one thing.

If we want others to know Jesus, then knowing Jesus has to be our one thing.

14 – I press on toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus.

The prize is “the upward call of God in Christ Jesus.” One day, Jesus will come again for His bride – the church. Will you be found in Him?

To be found in Jesus, you must believe the gospel.

One indicator that you are truly saved is that you long for Jesus’ return. If you’re here and you’re fearful about Christ’s return, you probably don’t know Him.

15 Let those of us who are mature think this way, and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal that also to you. 16 Only let us hold true to what we have attained.

In vv. 15-16, Paul says that if you think you’re perfect and don’t need to keep pressing on in your relationship with Christ, then you are not mature.

If this is how you think and you do have the Holy Spirit, then God will reveal that to you (v. 15b).

These verses are challenging. I want to ask you. How are you living?

  • Have you come to know God through faith in Christ?
  • Are you experiencing the power of the resurrection? By that, I mean are you growing in Christlikeness?
  • Are you looking forward to the return of Christ?
  • Are you content with baptism and church membership or are you continually growing in your faith?

In verses 12-16, we see that we are to passionately pursue Christ. How do we do that? By following the right examples.

As disciples, we are to follow the right examples (17-19)

17 – Brothers, join in imitating me, and keep your eyes on those who walk according to the example you have in us.

So far in Philippians, Paul has pointed to Timothy and Epaphroditus as examples (2:19-30). He has pointed to Jesus as our supreme example (2:5-11). Now, Paul encourages the Philippians to imitate him and others like him (17).

What kinds of people are we to look to as examples?

  • Those who promote unity (Phil 2:1-2).
  • Those who are humble and put the needs of others ahead of their own (Phil 2:3-4).
  • Those who are not grumblers and complainers (Phil 2:14-15).
  • Those who are trusting in Christ, not religious works (Phil 3:1-11).
  • Those who are pouring out their lives for the sake of the gospel (Phil 1:29; 2:19-30).
  • Those who are passionately pursuing Jesus (Phil 3:7-11).

These are the kinds of people that we should follow in the Christian life. Paul tells us who to follow, but he also warns the Philippians about ungodly ones. Paul calls these people “enemies of the cross.” Look at vv. 18-19.

18 For many, of whom I have often told you and now tell you even with tears, walk as enemies of the cross of Christ. 19 Their end is destruction, their god is their belly, and they glory in their shame, with minds set on earthly things.

It’s likely Paul is here referring to people who were led astray by the Judaizers that he mentioned in Phil 3:2. Paul said in Phil 3:3 that we are to have no confidence in the flesh.

In contrast to Paul, who is pursuing Christ, the Judaizers were pursing earthly things. These “enemies of the cross” were trusting in their own spiritual deeds rather than in Christ.

Look at how Paul describes them:

  • First, “their end is destruction.” They will be condemned to hell.
  • Second, “their god is their stomach.” They were perhaps given to gluttony. More likely, they were preoccupied with Jewish dietary laws.
  • Third, “their glory is in their shame.” They were focused inappropriately on their circumcision.
  • Fourth, their “minds are set on earthly things.” They were living for earthly things instead of looking to eternal things.

In the Christian life, there are two kinds of people you can look to as an example:

The first are people like the Judaizers who profess to be Christians but are really trusting in their works.

The people in vv. 18-19 were confident that circumcision and some moral living (dietary laws) were sufficient. Their hearts had not been changed and they were not focused on Christ.

There are many today who live like this. They think that walking an aisle, being baptized, living a moral life, and voting Republican will get them to heaven. All the while, their minds are set on earthly things–perhaps work, hunting, or football. They are not straining towards the goal of knowing Christ. They are not seeking to build the kingdom of God.

Let’s get real there are many people on our church roll that don’t bother to come to church. Their minds are set on earthly things, and they don’t have any desire to worship Christ or hear the Word preached or to fellowship with other believers.

You can follow the first group of people or you can follow those who are in Christ and humbly admit they don’t have it all together but are seeking to know Christ and the power of his resurrection.

As disciples, we are to stand firm as we look for the return of Jesus (3:20-4:1)

20 But our citizenship is in heaven, and from it we await a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ, 21 who will transform our lowly body to be like his glorious body, by the power that enables him even to subject all things to himself. 4:1 Therefore, my brothers, whom I love and long for, my joy and crown, stand firm thus in the Lord, my beloved.

As opposed to the Judaizers, whose minds are on earthly things, we as Christians are rejoice in our heavenly citizenship.

Philippi was a Roman colony with many Roman military veterans. These veterans were proud of their Roman citizenship.

This is something we need to remember. We are proud to be Americans. We celebrate America on Memorial Day, Independence Day, and Veteran’s Day.

We are grateful for our American citizenship, and we are thankful for our military veterans. But brothers and sisters, Christianity is not an American religion. There are many Americans who are not Christians and there are many Christians who are not Americans.

As Christians, our true citizenship is in heaven.

As Christians, our true citizenship is in heaven.

You may not know this, but Roman citizens called the emperor “savior.” Roman citizens were looking to an earthly savior. Friends, we live on earth, but our Savior is not an earthly king. He is the Alpha and the Omega – the Beginning and the End.

We have a Savior that has “the power…to subject all things to himself” (Phil 4:1).

When we see Christ coming in the clouds and get our new bodies, at that moment, all the things of this world will be worthless to us! If they will be worthless then, they should be worthless today. When Jesus comes, he will “subject all things to himself.”

If you don’t know Christ, turn from your sin and trust in Him.

4:1 says to “Stand firm.” Roman soldiers were commanded to “stand firm” and never retreat even when their life was in danger.

Whatever happens in this life, we are to stand firm in the Lord and pursue Him with all we have as we look for His return!

References

References
↑1 I saw this in a Twitter Post by Matt Smethurst.

Recognizing Gospel Workers – Philippians 2:19-30

July 17, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. You can listen to the sermon here.

Many people today are looking for an extraordinary worship experience. They attend their church’s worship gathering or watch a service online hoping to get an emotional high and feel a certain way. Vaughan Roberts calls them the “liver shivers.” [1]See True Worship by Vaughan Roberts.

Instead of constantly seeking an emotional worship experience or a particular feeling, we should seek to be faithful day-to-day. Most of the Christian life is not extraordinary. In many ways, the Christian life is ordinary. We are to pour our lives out, little by little, as we serve Christ and others throughout our lives.

As we live the Christian life, we need faithful examples of Christ to follow that will encourage us to live for Jesus.

That is what we see in our text today in Philippians 2:19-30. This passage is an excellent example of why preaching through books of the Bible is so valuable. Rarely would this text be used for a topical sermon, but its truths are so needed in our day.

My sermon title is, “Recognizing Gospel Workers.”

What do you think of when you hear the words gospel worker?

Perhaps you think of Billy Graham, Adrian Rogers, or John MacArthur. I would bet that in America most Christians think of a gospel worker as someone that is in public ministry.

We might think of those with a large church or a large following on social media. Perhaps they’ve written numerous books and are eloquent speakers. Adherents to the prosperity gospel (which I despise, by the way) would argue that a faithful gospel worker should be materially rich. In fact, this wealth is “evidence” that God is blessing this person’s ministry.

While certainly pastors and missionaries should be gospel workers, I am not limiting the term gospel worker to someone in full-time ministry. I use the term to mean anyone who is seeking to serve the kingdom of God – whether in a vocational or volunteer sense. We see this in our text – Timothy was Paul’s assistant and Epaphroditus was a layperson in the Philippian church.

Biblical Text: Phil 2:19-30 (click to read)

As we get started, remember Paul’s Situation. He is writing from a Roman prison. Today, we might say that he is under house arrest, perhaps even in Caesar’s house (Phil 4:22). He is chained to a guard at all times but does have some freedoms. He is allowed visitors and to write letters such as Philippians to local churches.

In our text, Paul outlines his plans to the Philippian church. He is sending Timothy to the church later than he originally expected and Epaphroditus sooner than he originally expected.

Epaphroditus was sent by the Philippian church with a gift to Paul (Phil 4:18). The Philippian church expected Epaphroditus to stay and minister to Paul while he was in prison.

You’re probably aware that Paul normally puts his travel itineraries at the end of his letters. So, why does Paul put this one in the middle of his letter to the Philippians?

We can’t know for sure, but it’s probably because Timothy and Epaphroditus provide examples (or illustrations) of what Paul’s been talking about so far in chapters 1-2.

Timothy and Epaphroditus are real-life examples of the kind of living that Paul has commended in this letter. Both of these men were passionate about Christ. Both were living worthy of the gospel, suffering for the sake of Christ, serving with humility, not grumbling or arguing, and holding fast to the gospel.

There are only two commands in vv. 19-30 and both are found in v. 29 – “receive” and “honor.” These commands form our only main point for this message. Of course, like any good preacher, I’ve cheated by adding subpoints.

We are to receive and honor faithful gospel workers (19-30)

The question becomes, how do we identify faithful gospel workers? Our text helps us to answer this question. Gospel workers are those who are working for the sake of the gospel in some way.

As Paul writes to the Philippians, he wants the church to benefit as much as they can from these two gospel workers.

The Benefits of Gospel Workers (19-20, 28)

Timothy (19-20)

Paul’s benefit – He will be cheered by the good news of Timothy’s report about the Philippians (v. 19).

The Church’s Benefit – Timothy “will be genuinely concerned for [their] welfare” (v. 20).

Like Timothy, I hope that you want what is best for the church and the kingdom of God. We are to be concerned more about the good of the church and the kingdom of God than ourselves.

Epaphroditus (28)

As I said, Epaphroditus had brought the gift to Paul that the Philippian church had sent (Phil 4:18).

Paul’s Benefit – He will be less anxious because Epaphroditus’ will be with the Philippians (v. 28).

The Church’s Benefit – The church will be able to rejoice because they were worried about Epaphroditus and his illness (v. 26). The return of Epaphroditus would bring the Philippians joy.

The church loved Epaphroditus and he loved them. I wonder, do we love and care for one another? Do we care for the sick among us? I pray that we do.

In vv. 19-24, we see the example of Timothy.

The Example of Timothy (19-24)

What made Timothy a faithful gospel worker?

First, we see that Timothy loved the church (v. 20). Paul said that Timothy would be “genuinely concerned for your welfare.” Remember, Timothy was with Paul in Acts 16 when the church was founded. Timothy loved the church as Paul did.

Second, Timothy had proven character (v. 22). Paul wrote, “But you know Timothy’s proven worth.” Paul had plenty of opportunities to observe Timothy’s character.

Often, churches value a resume over proven character and faithfulness. May it never be.

Often, churches value a resume over proven character and faithfulness. May it never be.

Third, Timothy sought the interests of Jesus Christ and the gospel (vv. 21-22). Paul wrote this about Timothy: “they all seek their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ. But…Timothy…has served with me in the gospel.

In chapter one (Phil 1:15), there were those that served out of envy and rivalry. But Paul says that Timothy serves with pure motives.

Like Timothy, we are to serve with compassion and care for others instead of trying to make a name for ourselves.

Timothy was a faithful gospel worker who loved the church and sought the interests of Jesus above his own. Today, there are many people who are in pastoral positions that use them to promote themselves instead of seeking to serve the church. Check out Justin Peters’ website if you need some evidence.

We’ve looked at the example of Timothy. Now let’s look at the example of Epaphroditus.

The Example of Epaphroditus (25-30)

What made Epaphroditus a faithful gospel worker?

First, we see that Epaphroditus labored for the church (v. 25). This is obvious for a number or reasons, but the title “fellow worker” removes any doubt.

In fact, Paul gives him five titles in verse 25:

  • “brother” – Paul calls him a brother in Christ. When we go through hard times with brothers and sisters in Christ, we form deep relationships with one another. Epaphroditus had come to minister to Paul while he was in prison – both his physical and spiritual needs.
  • “fellow worker” – A gospel worker is not lazy. We should not be lazy when it comes to the gospel and ministering to others.
  • “fellow soldier” – Paul had been through spiritual war with Epaphroditus.
  • “messenger” – Epaphroditus delivered the financial gift to Paul (Phil 4:18) and likely delivered the letter to the Philippians when he returned to them.
  • “minister” – Epaphroditus offered sacrificial service, ministering to the needs of Paul and the Philippians.

Tony Merida writes, “Wouldn’t these five terms be wonderful on a tombstone?”

Second, we see that Epaphroditus loved the church (v. 26). Paul writes, “he has been longing for you all and has been distressed because you heard that he was will.”

Epaphroditus has been longing for the church since he left.

How about you? Do you long for the church? Do you love the people of Christ? Are you a committed member of a local church? If not, then you are living in disobedience.[2]See Church Membership by Jonathan Leeman.

In our social media age, many Christians we would be “tagging” Paul, “checking in” at Caesar’s house (Phil 4:22) and posting pics on social media. But Epaphroditus was not in Rome for a photo op. He was ministering to Paul and longing for the church back in Philippi.

Third, Epaphroditus loved Christ more than his own life (vv. 27, 30). He was was willing to die for the work of Christ.

He had been changed by Jesus and he wanted others to know Jesus.

Epaphroditus had gotten deathly sick en route to Paul from the Philippians (4:18). Contrary to the prosperity gospel, Christian living involves suffering and sacrifice (Phil 1:29; 2:3-4).

When was the last time you sacrificed for the gospel?

When was the last time you prayed for an unbeliever?

When was the last time you had lunch (or better yet, into your home) with an unbeliever and tried to share the gospel?

In your budget, do you seek to give sacrificially to God’s work?

The bottom line is this – we are to honor and receive men like Timothy and Epaphroditus (v. 29).

Men like Timothy and Epaphroditus are to be and received and honored because they are modeling what it means to follow Christ. Consider how Timothy and Epaphroditus modeled Christ:

In service

  • Timothy served with Paul in the gospel (Phil 2:22).
  • Jesus took the form of a servant (Phil 2:7).
  • As Christians, we should serve others (Phil 2:3-4).

By looking to the interest of others

  • Epaphroditus looked to the interests of others by traveling from Philippi to Rome. This trip would have been between 700-1200 miles and would have taken between six weeks to three months, depending on the route (Phil 4:18). [3]https://matthewsharmon.com/2012/10/05/fridays-in-philippians-pauls-circumstances/
  • Jesus looked to the interests of others by traveling from heaven to earth (Phil 2:5-8).
  • We should look to the interest of others and be willing to travel to those who are lost – whether around the world or next door (Matt 28:18-20).

In sacrifice

  • Epaphroditus risked his life to minister to Paul’s need (Phil 2:30).
  • Jesus gave his life to meet our greatest need (Phil 2:8).
  • We should be willing to give our lives for the sake of the gospel (Phil 1:29).

I hope by now, you see that we should value a gospel worker’s faithfulness over his or her fame and following.

We should value a gospel worker’s faithfulness over his or her fame and following.

Is that true of you?

Do you value faithfulness over fame and following?

If I asked you, “Who is someone you look up to in the Christian life?” Your answer will give you insight into what you value.

Do you love the church like Timothy and Epaphroditus?

Are you laboring for the church?

Do you serve your fellow church members?

Are we willing to sacrifice for the cause of Christ?

As soon as Epaphroditus left the comfort of his normal routine in Philippi, he opened himself up to the risk of suffering as he traveled to Rome to minister to Paul.

Who are the people in your life like Timothy and Epaphroditus that can help you live for Christ?

On the day of judgment, Jesus will not ask you about the number of members in your church. He won’t ask about our church’s budget.

He won’t ask how many followers we have on social media. He won’t ask how many Christian conferences we attended or spoke at or how many degrees we have or how much Greek or Hebrew we knew.

Instead, Jesus will look at our faithfulness.

In the end, being faithful to Christ is the true mark of a faithful gospel worker. Not fame. Not fortune. Not following.

There is only one way to hear the words “Well done, good and faithful servant.” It’s by being a good and faithful servant.

References

Living as Gospel Lights in the World – Philippians 2:12-18

July 5, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. You can listen to the sermon here.

If you’re like me, you love looking at a beautiful night sky and enjoying the stars. At my parents’ house, there is no streetlight on their property and a clear night sky is something to behold. Of course, the reason that the view is so wonderful is that the stars shine brightly without being dimmed by other light sources.

In our text today in Philippians 2, Paul says that we as Christians are to shine as lights in the world. Just as those stars shine brightly in a clear sky, we are to shine as gospel lights in a world that has been darkened by the stain of sin and lawlessness.

To recap the last few weeks:

  • In Phil 1:27, Paul told the Philippians to let their manner of life be worthy of the gospel of Christ.
  • In Phil 2:1-4, Paul emphasized unity in the church. This unity is achieved through practicing humility and serving others.
  • In Phil 2:5-8, Paul told the Philippians to have the attitude of Christ, who made himself nothing, took the form of a servant in order to serve the very people he created, and died on the cross for their sins.
  • In Phil 2:9-11, we saw that one day we will bow the knee and exalt Jesus. The Father has made Him Lord of all.

Sermon Text: Phil 2:12-18

BIG IDEA: As God works within us, we will produce good works and shine as gospel lights in the world.

We are to work out our own salvation as God works within us (12-13)

“Therefore”

The word “therefore” ties our passage to the previous section. Paul is referring all the way back to Phil 1:27, where he told the Philippians to live in a manner that is worthy of the gospel. Paul then told the church that there should be unity, humility, and service within the church.

Paul wants the church to work together to rid themselves of divisions and disunity. We see this especially in Phil 4:2-3.

“my beloved”

This phrase indicates that Paul deeply loves the Philippians church.

“as you have always obeyed”

Obedience is the greatest evidence of true conversion. Jesus told His disciples, “If you love me, you will keep my commandments” (John 14:15). Eugene Peterson says it like this: The Christian life is “a long obedience in the same direction.”

“so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling…”

Paul tells the church, whether in his presence, or in his absence, to work out their own salvation with fear and trembling. Paul is not telling the Philippian believers to work for their salvation but that they are to work out their salvation.

Paul is not telling the Philippian believers to work for their salvation but that they are to work out their salvation.

It’s not enough to know the gospel in your head. It must penetrate your heart and lead to actions with your hands. Paul is saying, “Because you are followers of Jesus, you are to live in a new way. By doing this, you are ‘working’ out your own salvation.”

Remember the context. Paul has been addressing disunity within the church. Thus, in this context, Paul wants the Philippian church to work out their salvation by humbling themselves, serving one another, and pursuing unity.

In other words, Paul is telling the Philippians (and us) to follow the example of Jesus (Phil 2:6-8).

Paul wants the Philippians to grow in humility, personal holiness, and selfless service by the power of God’s grace.

If someone was to watch how you are you working out your salvation, what would they say?

  • Would they say you are humble or proud?
  • Would they say you are holy or defiled by sin?
  • Would they say you are selfless or selfish?

Not only are we to work out our own salvation, but Paul also says there’s an attitude we should have: “with fear and trembling.”

In Phil 2:9-11, we saw that Jesus is Lord over all and one day we are going to bow before Him. Therefore, Paul says, “we are to work out our own salvation with fear and trembling.”

Proverbs 9:10 says that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. Our knowledge of God’s holiness should lead us to live in obedience as we work out our own salvation.

Our knowledge of God’s holiness should lead us to live in obedience as we work out our own salvation.

The reality is that one day we will all stand before a holy God in judgment. God is holy, and the Bible says that we’ve all sinned and fallen short of His perfect standard. Therefore, we are guilty and stand condemned. But the good news is that God in His love, sent His one and only Son. God’s Son took on human flesh, was born of a virgin, lived a perfect life, and died on the cross, substituting himself for us. He paid the penalty for our sin, and we can be reconciled with God because of the work of Jesus Christ. Our response to Jesus is to repent of our sins, trust in Christ, and follow Him as Lord.

I’ve explained what Paul means by working out our salvation, but how do we do it? God has not left us alone!

Look at v. 13 – “…for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.”

God does not leave us how He found us (Phil 1:6). He gives us His Holy Spirit, to will and to work for his good pleasure. Look at Jesus’ words in John 14:

John 14:16-17

And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Helper, to be with you forever, even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him. You know him, for he dwells with you and will be in you.

As we submit to God’s work within us and humbly serve one another, we will indeed live in a manner of worthy of the gospel and have unity within the church. The more unified our church is, the more we will shine as lights in the world.

This is exactly what we see in verses 14-16.

As a unified church, we shine as lights in the world (14-16a)

14 – “Do all things without grumbling (complaining) or questioning (disputing, arguing)”

In v. 14, we further see Paul’s call for unity. Paul says that one way to “work out your own salvation with fear and trembling” is by “not grumbling or questioning.”

As Christians, we should not spend our time and energy complaining to God and arguing with one another. If we are always complaining and arguing, then Paul says that we are like disobedient Israel, who was called a wicked generation.

Look at verse 15:

15 – “…that you may be blameless and innocent, children of God without blemish in the midst of a crooked and twisted generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world…”

Paul says that if we are grateful people who don’t complain and argue that we will shine as gospel lights in the world – we will be “blameless and innocent…in the midst of a crooked and twisted generation.”

The world’s philosophy is that joy comes from aggression: if there is something you want, then fight everybody to get it. Perhaps, once you get it, you’ll be happy. We see this today in the form of violent protests and riots. If you don’t get what you want, threaten them. Blackmail them. Curse them. Attack them. Lie about them. Rig the system.

But the way of Christ is different. Consider this:

  • Jesus never used a sword, yet he won the greatest battle in human history.
  • He defeated hatred with love.
  • He overcame lies with the truth.
  • Jesus achieved victory by surrendering His rights.

As I said in my introduction, there is hardly anything more beautiful than looking up into a clear night sky and seeing the stars. As I contemplated that this week, I looked it up and the nearest visible star we have is 5.88 trillion miles away. But it’s so bright, we can see it from earth!

In the same way, Paul says that when we are grateful people who are full of joy, thanksgiving, and contentment, we shine like the stars in the sky. We stand out from those who are always complaining and arguing to get their own way.

Just as we see a star that shines brightly, when we have unity in the church, the world will see the brightness and beauty of our Savior.

On the other hand, Paul says that people who grumble and complain and argue are part of a crooked and twisted generation. Paul is alluding to the Israelites in Deuteronomy 32:5.

Deuteronomy 32:5

They have dealt corruptly with him;
    they are no longer his children because they are blemished;
    they are a crooked and twisted generation.

In Exodus 16, these people grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. They grumbled against the Lord. They were an ungrateful people who didn’t fear God or follow the leaders he had appointed over them. God had just delivered them from 400 years of slavery, and this is the question they asked a mere 2.5 months later:

Exodus 16:2-3

And the whole congregation of the people of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness, and the people of Israel said to them, “Would that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the meat pots and ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”

The point is clear – those people who constantly complain to God and argue with our pastors, and fellow church members are at best discontent and ungrateful people and at worst may not even be Christians at all.

The people that Moses referenced in Deut 32:5 were judged and not allowed to enter the promised land. Just as they were not allowed to enter the promised land, those who are perpetually ungrateful to God will not enter heaven.

Considering these words, I want to ask you:

Are you shining brightly before the world, or is your witness clouded by complaining and arguing?

Remember, a transformed life is an effective witness to the power of God at work within us (v. 13). Instead of grumbling, we are called to glorify God in all that we do (1 Cor 10:31).

Those that shine the brightest are those who are “holding fast to the word of life” (16a). Paul means that we are to hold fast to the word of life, the gospel.

Paul is saying, “Look! God has begun a good work in your heart through the gospel. He is still at work in you and he will bring that work to completion. Be unified around this gospel!”

Instead of complaining to God about your circumstances, you should thank God for sending Jesus.

Instead of grumbling about your pastor(s), you should pray for him.

Instead of arguing with church members, you should serve them.

We could summarize verse 14-16 like this: We are to be a proclaiming church, not a complaining church.

We should be glad and rejoice as we look forward to the day of Christ (16b-18)

Paul says that if the church cannot get along and advance the gospel, then his work among them would have been in vain (16b): “so that in the day of Christ I may be proud that I did not run in vain or labor in vain.”

In the Old Testament, God commanded the Israelites to pass down their faith from generation to generation (see Ps 78:1-8). Similarly, for Paul, it was not enough for the church at Philippi to receive the gospel and be saved; he wanted them to also further the gospel.

Otherwise, Paul says, that he would have “labored in vain.” As a church, we must realize this – to the extent we complain and argue and bicker and are focused on ourselves, we will have a terrible witness and will not be able to advance the kingdom of God.

Brothers and sister, what do your kids learn from you at home about God?

What do they hear you say about the church, its leadership, and its members?

What do they hear you say about the worship service?

Are your words building up their faith or undermining it?

Do your words point to the goodness of God or do they reveal a grumbling and argumentative heart?

It always confuses me when people who go to church their whole lives and always complain about the church and then wonder why their children and grandchildren don’t want to go to church.

Paul continues in vv. 17-18: “Even if I am to be poured out as a drink offering upon the sacrificial offering of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all. Likewise, you also should be glad and rejoice with me.” (17-18)

In verse 17, Paul uses Old Testament language. He speaks of the faith of the Philippians as a sacrificial offering. Paul sacrificed to bring the gospel to the Philippians, and he says that the Philippians’ faith is a sweet sacrifice to God.

The drink offering that Paul mentions is wine or water that was poured on top or in front of the sacrificial offering. Once this drink offering was given, steam would rise up from the sacrificial offering, signifying that the sacrifice had gone up to God.

Paul sees his death as worship, a sacrifice, and a life that is consecrated to God (Rom 12:1).

In the same way, the Philippians are to give themselves to Christ and His gospel, whatever the cost.

If Paul must give up his life, then his sacrifice is merely a drink offering poured out on top of their sacrifice. But here’s the kicker: The drink offering is meaningless unless it is poured out on a more substantial sacrifice.

In other words, if the Philippians faith doesn’t endure, then Paul’s sacrifice to get them the gospel is worthless. But praise the Lord, Paul is sure that God will bring his work to completion (Phil 1:6).

If Paul had to die, he was content, knowing that he had brought the gospel to Philippi and helped the church live for Christ.

Friends, the gospel is not just for us. If we have been saved by the gospel, then we must work out our salvation and shine as lights in the midst of a wicked generation.

Conclusion

  • As you read this, is God at work in your life?
  • Is your life any different from the world?
  • How has your life changed since you came to know Christ?
  • Are you working out your own salvation?
  • Are you producing good works?
  • Are you a grateful person or a complaining person?
  • Are you a person that brings peace or are you argumentative?
  • Are you pouring yourself in service to others?

Church:

  • Let’s work out our own salvation as God works within us.
  • Let’s be unified and shine as lights in the world.
  • Let’s be glad and rejoice as we look forward to the return of Christ.

The Humiliation and Exaltation of Jesus – Philippians 2:5-11

June 22, 2022 /
Philippians

This blog is based on a sermon from Philippians. Unfortunately, the sermon was not recorded. I previously preached this sermon at another church, when you can view here.

We’ve been walking through Philippians, which is a letter that Paul wrote from prison to a church that he loved very much.

In the last two posts, we’ve seen:

First, that we should live worthy of the gospel in the face of external opposition (1:27-30).

Second, that our church should be marked by unity and we should practice humility, and service (2:1-4).

We cannot achieve unity in our church simply by me preaching on it. I agree with Tony Merida:

“Unity is a result of people adoring and emulating Jesus. The more we behold His glory and imitate His character, the more unified we will be as a church.”

tony merida

In simple terms, we should adore Jesus and live like Jesus.

Our text today is one of the most famous passages in the New Testament and is one of the foremost Christological passages. It is sometimes referred to as the humiliation and exaltation of Jesus.

Sermon Text: Philippians 2:5-11

BIG IDEA: The humiliation and exaltation of Jesus should lead us to follow Jesus’ example and to worship Him as Lord of all.

We are to have the attitude of Christ (5)

v. 5 – “Have this mind among yourselves, which is yours in Christ Jesus,”

The ESV says “mind”. The NIV says “mind-set.” Most translations say “attitude.”

We are to think like Jesus, and value what he values. In this context, we see that Jesus values humility and service more than self-exaltation.

The attitude of Christians should reflect the attitude of their master, Jesus Christ.

When Paul says that we are to have the mind or attitude of Christ, he is saying that we should not be prideful and selfish, but rather that we should be humble and selflessly serve others.

In this passage, we see the attitude of Christ. First, we see his humility:

“did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped” (6)

“emptied himself” or “made himself nothing” (7)

We also see his service:

“took the form of a servant” (7)

“became a man and died on the cross” (8)

The world lives to get and get and get—more pleasure, more praise, more money. What Paul is saying to us is that as Christians, we are to imitate Christ, who came to give and give and give.

As we look at Philippians 2:6-11 this morning, I want you think about these questions:

  • Do you seek to get, get, and get, or to give, give, and give?
  • Do you have the mind/attitude of Christ?
  • Are you humbly seeking serve others within the church as well as those outside the church?

We are to have the attitude of Christ. We are also to learn humility from Christ.

We are to learn humility from Christ (6-8)

Jesus’ Humble Renunciation (6)

“who, though he was in the form of God”

The phrase “form of God” doesn’t mean that Jesus “had some Godlike qualities or appearance, but that he was of the same nature or essence.”

Jesus was the true and exact nature of God. This phrase means that Jesus was and is equal with God.

Biblical Christianity says is that there is one God who has eternally existed in three persons – Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Jesus is the eternal Son of God. He was not created. There was never a time when the Son of God did not exist.

“We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one Being with the Father.  Through him all things were made.”

Council of Nicea (325 AD)

John 1:1-3

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made.

John 17:5

And now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed.

“did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped” (6)

This means that although Jesus was God, He did not use his high position for His own advantage but chose to serve and to give. Jesus deserved the praise of every person He encountered but He lived open-handedly and provided an example for all of us to follow.

So often, we live exactly the opposite of how Christ lived.

  • We want to exalt ourselves, but Jesus made himself nothing and submitted to the will of the Father.
  • We want to be in charge, but Jesus took the form of a slave.
  • We reject God’s Word in sinful disobedience, but Jesus perfectly obeyed God’s Word.
  • We so often give in to temptation, but Jesus always overcame temptation.

What are you grasping for? What are you holding onto?

Are you living for pleasure?

Are you seeking power and position?

Are you living for money?

Have you bought into the lie of the prosperity gospel? Do you think that if you come to church and give that God will make you happy, healthy, and wealthy?

Christians are not immune to pride and selfishness.

We see it in the SBC with denominational politics – pastors promoting themselves and slandering others on social media.

We see women seeking to be pastors when God has forbidden it.

In many churches, there are some people who want all the power in the church but don’t want to serve in any way.

In our marriages, are we seeking to serve or be served?

Friends, Paul is calling us to live like Jesus, who, rather than grasping for a position of power, took on the form of a servant.

How can we do this? We need the gospel, as Paul shows us in the next verses.

Jesus’ Humble Incarnation (7)

“but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men.” (7)

Jesus did not cease to be God when he took on human form but rather gave up his rights. He rightfully deserved to remain at the right hand of God, but He took on the form of a servant and was born as a baby.

Jesus, the perfect Son of God, took on human flesh. John 1:14 says, “And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us…”

Norm Geisler writes, “Jesus’ incarnation was not the subtraction of deity, but the addition of humanity.”

A.W. Tozer said, “Jesus veiled His deity but He did not void it.”

Jesus took on the form of a servant.

Have you noticed in the Gospels that Jesus is always serving others and not the other way around?

While American Christianity says to live your best life now, to become a better you, to love yourself, and to slay your giants, Jesus exemplified true greatness by serving and dying.

Imagine what would happen in the church if we all followed the example of Jesus and sought not to grasp for power and position but to seek to humbly serve one another.

Jesus’ Humble Crucifixion (8)

“And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death…”

Jesus’ whole life was marked by humility:

  • He was not born in Rome, Athens, or Jerusalem, but Bethlehem.
  • He lived 30 years in relative obscurity in Nazareth.
  • In his earthly ministry, he was known for loving the unlovable.
  • At this death, he was nailed to a cross between two criminals.

Notice that the text says that Jesus humbled himself. No one humbled Jesus.

“No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This charge I have received from my Father.”

Jesus, John 10:18

“…even death on a cross.”

In the Roman empire, crucifixion was the cruelest form of official execution. Depending on who you read, some say that Roman citizens could not be crucified. Others say that Roman citizens could only be crucified if they were convicted of high treason. Certainly, crucifixion was commonly reserved for the lower classes, especially slaves.

The Jews believed a person was cursed if he died by crucifixion. And yet, Scripture says that Jesus became a curse for us (Galatians 3:13).

Christ went from the highest position imaginable (the right hand of the Father) to the lowest (crucified between two criminals) because of His love for His people. His selfless love was an expression of His deity.

Even Hollywood understands what a powerful story the gospel is.

In the live action Lion King movie, Mufasa tells Simba this: “While others search for what they can take, a true king searches for what he can give.”

In The Dark Knight Rises, Batman (who is billionaire Bruce Wayne) fights to save Gotham and its people when he could’ve lived for pleasure and himself. Instead, he serves the city of Gotham by putting his life on the line every night.

Because of the gospel, we should be marked by service and love to others.

As Christians, we are to have the attitude of Christ. We are to learn humility from Christ. Finally, we are to bow the knee and exalt Jesus Christ.

We are to bow the knee and exalt Jesus Christ (9-11)

Jesus’ Exalted Position (9)

Jesus humbled himself, and God has highly exalted Him.

Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, (9)

The phrase “the name that is above every name” refers to Lord (see v. 11). The Father has given Jesus a new name – “Lord” (Phil 2:11; cf. Isa 45:23-24). This name that is above every name is Lord. The Greek word is kurios, which was the word used to translate Yahweh into the Septuagint (the Greek version of the Old Testament).

Look at one verse from the Old Testament:

Is 42:8
I am the Lord; that is my name;
my glory I give to no other,
nor my praise to carved idols.

Yahweh (Lord) is the awesome covenant name of the God of Israel – “the name that is above every name.”

Our Adoration and Confession (10-11)

 so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

Notice that Paul mentions heaven, earth, and under the earth.

Every part of creation will bow. No part of creation is exempt:

  • In heaven, the angels will bow.
  • On earth, humanity will bow.
  • Under the earth, the demons and Satan will bow.

Every creature will bow and confess that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father.

Every creature will bow and confess that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father.

In New Testament times, Christians were persecuted and could be killed for saying that “Jesus is Lord” rather than Caesar.

Every week, we gather as Christians to declare that Jesus is Lord – not Caesar, not President Biden, and not anyone else on earth.

Romans 10:9 says, “if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.”

To be saved, we must repent and believe the gospel.

At Christ’s exaltation, Jesus will be acknowledged by all creation as Lord of all Creation.

  • Every one of us will bow the knee.
  • Some will bow before Him and confess Him as Lord with great joy.
  • Others will bow before Him and confess Him as Lord with despair and anguish.

How would you answer these questions?

  • Have you bowed the knee to Jesus?
  • Do you have the attitude of Jesus?
  • Are you serving others like Jesus?
  • Are you seeking to exalt yourself or to exalt Jesus?
« Older posts

© 2024 Thinking Biblically

Theme by Anders Noren — Up ↑